Suchergebnisse

This article analyzes public food procurement policy as one of the characteristics of post-neoliberalism in South America, whereby food produced by family farmers and peasants is purchased by the state and then donated to low-income people and public-school students. Focusing on Brazil, Ecuador, and Paraguay, the study demonstrates how such experiences partly break the control that large agri-food corporations exert in the food systems of these countries. This occurs because public food procurement has created a new market opportunity for family farmers and peasants and has also functioned as a mechanism to combat hunger and promote democratized access to good food. Moreover, such initiatives can be understood as providing a possibility to re-spatialize food by promoting closer contact between food producers and consumers.

Matopiba's agricultural frontier has been at the centre of political and scientific debates since its establishment in 2015. However, the impact of agribusiness expansion and intensification on land distribution in the region has yet to be studied. How has the establishment of Matopiba affected commodity crop production and agrarian reform in the region? This article analyses historical trends in soybean and corn production, and recent developments across Matopiba microregions. These are then juxtaposed with data on agrarian reform at microregion level. The findings help to clarify the ways in which agricultural frontier expansion has been reliant on government support and reveal conflicting agricultural development at work in Matopiba. While commodity crop production has increased in Matopiba as expected, agrarian reform has halted. The few agrarian reform settlements that have been created are in areas with lower agricultural potential within the limits of Matopiba's frontier.

Como resultado do processo de colonização ao qual foi submetido e a permanência de desigualdades estruturais, recentemente acentuadas pela expansão das relações de livre-mercado, o campo brasileiro tem se caracterizado por uma dualidade entre um setor altamente mecanizado que produz milhares de toneladas de commodities e uma grande quantidade de agricultores que se encontram em situação de miséria. O presente trabalho discute a atualidade dos conflitos pelo modelo de desenvolvimento para o campo entre o campesinato e o agronegócio no Brasil. Inicialmente é feita uma leitura teórica sobre o campesinato e o agronegócio no modo capitalista de produção, ressaltando que ambos geram distintas relações sociais. Na sequência, é feita uma análise da materialidade dessa disputa no âmbito do Governo Federal e dos seus ministérios. São analisados os planos-safra do biênio 2015-2016 para o campesinato e o agronegócio. Constata-se que o agronegócio tem recebido maiores investimentos do que o campesinato, porém, sua matriz de investimentos é focada, principalmente, na dimensão econômica da produção agrícola, em detrimento da social e da ambiental. Conclui-se que o Governo Federal brasileiro tem privilegiado a produção de alimentos para exportação e não para o abastecimento interno, o que coloca em risco a segurança alimentar de sua população. ; As a result of the colonization process to which it was submitted and the persistence of structural inequalities, recently sharpened by the expansion of free-market relations, the Brazilian countryside has become characterized by a duality between a highly mechanized industry that produces thousands of tons of commodities and a large number of farmers who are in extreme poverty. This paper discusses the conflict that takes place between the peasantry and agribusiness in Brazil by contrasting the two development models for the countryside. Initially a theoretical reading of peasantry and agribusiness in the capitalist mode of production is performed, emphasising how both generate different social relations. With the results, an analysis is carried out of the materiality of this dispute within the Federal Government and its ministries. For this the 2015-2016 biennium crop-plans for the peasantry and agribusiness are analyzed. It is noted that agribusiness has received an investment much larger than the peasantry; however, its array of ventures are focused mainly on the economic dimension of agricultural production at the expense of social and environmental concerns. We conclude that the Brazilian Federal Government has given priority to food production for export rather than for domestic supply, which puts at risk the food security of its population.